Technical forensic specification explaining how BotRefund analyzes browser environments and network invariants to distinguish novel retail browsers from server-side automation.
Authentic desktop and mobile devices render through dedicated physical GPU silicon (Apple Silicon M-series, Nvidia GeForce, AMD Radeon, or Intel Iris/Arc). Displays support massive hardware texture dimensions (8192px to 16384px) and execute shader mathematics with physical rasterization determinism.
Cloud scraping farms running inside server-side Docker containers or headless VMs lack dedicated graphics cards. They fall back to CPU-bound software emulation (Google SwiftShader, Mesa llvmpipe) or inject synthetic pixel noise to mask hardware signatures.
WebGPU Software Emulation Renderer: navigator.gpu.requestAdapter() returned a software rasterizer fallback (SwiftShader/LLVMpipe) rather than a physical GPU. Genuine consumer desktop and mobile devices render WebGPU via dedicated physical GPU silicon (NVIDIA, AMD, Apple, Intel); CPU-bound software emulation confirms headless cloud virtual machine execution without physical GPU acceleration.
Ad Platform Fraud Classification: Under Google Ads Invalid Traffic guidelines (Automated Click Activity) and Meta Advertising Integrity standards, sessions exhibiting WebGPU Software Renderer violate fundamental consumer hardware invariants. They fail deterministic silicon rasterization, protocol compliance, or neuromuscular biometrics.
Why This Proves Non-Human Origin: Genuine consumer browsers on retail operating systems execute this API natively with verified hardware backing. Server software (headless cloud containers, unpatched automation harnesses, and proxy tunnels) cannot replicate this execution environment without incurring prohibitive server hardware costs.
Evidence Dossier Invariants: Each disputed click in our export packet matches an immutable server-side timestamp, landing URL, GCLID/fbclid, and observed IP address with zero client-side tamperability.
Human Baseline & Exception Scenario: Virtual machines or remote desktop setups where hardware GPU pass-through is disabled.
BotRefund operates a multi-vector ensemble model. This signal adds objective forensic weight to the session dossier but never acts in isolation. Positive verdicts require corroboration across network routing, hardware silicon, and cursor kinematics to guarantee 99% precision.
This signal registers an objective, mathematically verifiable anomaly on the session ledger.
BotRefund correlates L4 packet timing, GPU silicon, and cursor jerk before finalizing risk.
Compiled directly into Google Ads and Meta refund packets with verified click IDs and server logs.