What a real browser usually shows
A normal browser exposes complete, internally consistent browser capabilities instead of partial or placeholder implementations.
One of 106 independent checks BotRefund uses to build a reliable picture of whether a visit is human or automated.
A normal browser exposes complete, internally consistent browser capabilities instead of partial or placeholder implementations.
The Background Navigation check looks for a mismatch that a real browsing session does not normally create. A partially spoofed browser may expose missing, simplified, or inconsistent capabilities when BotRefund checks beyond the surface.
Privacy tools, travel, corporate networks, and unusual devices can produce unexpected behavior for genuine people. BotRefund keeps this signal as evidence—not a verdict—and cross-checks it against independent browser, network, device, and behavior data.
This signal adds one objective, immutable data point to the session audit ledger.
BotRefund tests whether other hardware, network, and cursor behaviors support the same story.
Our edge model weighs the complete multi-layer pattern instead of relying on a fragile static rule.