Detection approach
Engine mismatch detected via error stack trace format. The reported User-Agent claims one browser, but the JavaScript engine executes and formats errors like a completely different browser.
How this helps detect bots
Collect this signal alongside session context, request metadata, and other independent indicators. A single anomaly is a lead, not a verdict; corroborating anomalies make automated traffic more likely.
Legitimate traffic to consider
Users running legacy compatibility modes, niche custom browsers, or user-agent spoofing extensions for compatibility.
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